blood cancer - leukemia
Leukemia or leukemia may be a type of cancer of the blood cells and tissues that produce blood cells such as the bone marrow. during a normal health situation, blood cells arise within the bone marrow as stem cells, and later mature to make different types of blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets), and enter the bloodstream.
As for somebody who suffers from leukemia, his bone marrow begins to supply abnormal white blood cells that enter the bloodstream and begin to compete with healthy normal blood cells, preventing them from performing their functions properly.
Symptoms of leukemia:
Symptoms of leukemia vary and differ consistent with the type of leukemia. However, common symptoms of leukemia include:
fever.
Constant fatigue and asthenia.
Recurrent infection.
Loss of appetite or weight loss.
Swollen lymph nodes.
Enlarged liver or spleen.
Easy bleeding or bruising.
Shortness of breath during physical activity or when climbing stairs.
Small red dots and spots appear on the skin.
Excessive sweating, especially in the dark.
Pain or sensitivity within the bones.
The severity of symptoms is said to the amount and location of the abnormal blood cells, and therefore the initial signs and symptoms of leukemia may be overlooked because they are similar to the signs and symptoms of influenza or other common illnesses.
Leukemia causes and symptoms:
The causes are often unknown. In many cases, however, strong radiation (such as radiotherapy), carcinogens (such as benzene), viruses, and a few genetic modifications. thanks to the natural decline of blood formation due to the large increase in cancer cells, symptoms like fatigue, decreased performance, bleeding, and increased susceptibility to injury also as fever, night sweats, and weight loss occurs.
Without treatment (especially severe forms) it can cause death within a few months. Therefore, it's important that leukemia treatment be started early by a leukemia specialist (a specialist in blood diseases and cancers).
Leukemia occurs as a result of damage to the DNA of immature blood cells, especially white blood cells, which results in the continued growth and division of blood cells and thus obtaining large numbers of them. It should be noted that abnormal blood cells do this. They die as in the case of healthy blood cells that die after a period of time, to be replaced by new cells that are produced in the bone marrow, and instead, they continue to grow and accumulate.
in addition to occupying more space, it should be noted The continued production of more cancer cells leads to a decrease in the growth of healthy white blood cells and their ability to function normally; This is due to the fact that cancer cells occupy a large area of the blood.
In most cases, doctors diagnose leukemia during a daily blood test before any symptoms appear. If this is often the case, or if the person has symptoms that will indicate that he has leukemia, he may undergo one or more of the subsequent tests:
Physical examination.
blood tests
Cell morphogenesis.
Bone marrow biopsy.
Many other tests could also be needed to confirm the diagnosis and to determine the type of leukemia and the degree of its spread in the body. Some sorts of leukemia are classified into levels that indicate the degree of severity and extent of the spread of the body. Determining the classification and grading of the disease helps the treating physician in developing the foremost optimal and most appropriate leukemia treatment program. effectiveness
There are several sorts of leukemia, and within the following lines we will discuss the most dangerous types of leukemia, which are as follows:
acute leukemia
It is one of the most dangerous types of leukemia, which may be a large increase in the number of immature blood cells, and thus the bone marrow tissue is unable to supply healthy blood cells, and this sort requires immediate and rapid treatment due to the increase in the number of malignant cells in the blood, which can spread to the rest of the parts And body tissues to reach the bloodstream, and spread to different parts of the body.
chronic leukemia
It is also one of the most dangerous types of leukemia, which is thanks to an excessive increase in the number of relatively mature white blood cells, as this sort is an abnormal and unreasonable production of a group of cells, and an individual may develop it in any age group, but it spreads widely within the elderly.
Lymphocytic leukemia
this is often the most dangerous type of leukemia and is a type of marrow cell, which may progress to lymphocytes, most of which include B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes.
myeloid leukemia
it's also called non-lymphocytic leukemia, and it's also one of the most dangerous types of leukemia and occurs in type marrow cells, and to red blood cells, additionally to some types of white blood cells and platelets.
acute myelogenous leukemia
it's the type that chemotherapy is used to treat in addition to that it is one of the most dangerous types of leukemia and affects close relatives.
acute lymphocytic leukemia
It is the type that is most common in children and is one of the most dangerous types of leukemia, but it also can affect adults, especially the elderly.
Chronic leukemia
it's a type that does not affect young children, but in most males, it's affected, and it's the most dangerous type of leukemia that has no cure.
The cure rate for leukemia varies from place to put depending on the quality and quality of health care provided, and a number of other environmental factors. The cure rate for leukemia is calculated by calculating the five-year survival rates, that is, the share of patients surviving five years after being diagnosed with leukemia.
These survival rates don't show whether a patient has survived five years of cancer or has been cured because it is caused by an excessive increase in the number of relatively mature white blood cells. In many cases, the patient doesn't recover completely from leukemia, but the patient lives with it for an extended time as a chronic disease.
The percentage of people surviving five or more years after being diagnosed with most types of leukemia has increased over the last decade, starting from 42% for myeloma to 85% for Hodgkin's lymphoma course, these rates differ in children than in adults, where the five-year survival rates for those diagnosed with leukemia range between 60-70% and perhaps more, taking into consideration the differences and individual factors.
Each patient treated at the Leukemia Treatment Center features a team of specialists who coordinate different aspects of their care. In most cases, leukemia is treated with chemotherapy alone under the supervision of highly specialized oncologists and hematologists, who make sure of patients based on their expertise in treating the patient's specific type of cancer.
The Leukemia Treatment Center is closely linked to the bone marrow transplant program, where innovative technologies like cord blood transfusion and the ability to perform a transplant with a family-mismatched donor provide more options for patients.
What is the cure rate for leukemia?
With the rise in the incidence of cancer around the world, the number of people who have overcome and survived cancer is increasing, especially leukemia of its various types. Around the world, quite 250 thousand people are diagnosed with leukemia every year, which constitutes about 2.5% of all cancers.
With the event of health care and the advancement of treatments, the cure rates for leukemia have significantly improved.
Leukemia occurs as a result of damage to the DNA of immature blood cells, especially white blood cells, which results in the continued growth and division of blood cells and thus obtaining large numbers of them. It should be noted that abnormal blood cells do this. They die as in the case of healthy blood cells that die after a period of time, to be replaced by new cells that are produced in the bone marrow, and instead, they continue to grow and accumulate.
. in addition to occupying more space, it should be noted The continued production of more cancer cells leads to a decrease in the growth of healthy white blood cells and their ability to function normally; This is due to the fact that cancer cells occupy a large area of the blood.
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